Globalisation
Globalisation increases competition and makes it
easier for nations to trade
with each other. Poor countries have seen a rise in
employment and national
income as companies
relocate to save money on taxes and wage costs.
There is evidence that inequalities in global income and poverty are
decreasing and that globalisation has contributed to this turnabout.
China, for example, is now open to world trade and this has resulted in a
general growth in income. The gap between
rich and
poor is reducing in Asia
and Latin America. The countries that are getting poorer are those which
are not open to world trade, particularly many African nations.
It’s not uncommon for a corporation to move production to an Asian or
South or Central American country in order to reduce
wage bills and pay
less tax. As a result, Western governments are finding it harder to
maintain an effective welfare
system.
Globalisation results in the
exploitation of millions of workers in countries that do not give
workers rights to organise.
Workers in poor countries may have to work 12 hours a day, seven days a
week with few protections for
health and safety.
In some countries, globalisation leads to the exploitation of
children, and forced
labour.
Another point is that goods produced in the West cannot
compete with those made in
poorer countries where production costs are far lower. The result has been
a call for ‘fair trade’, as opposed to ‘free trade’.
As corporations become increasingly more powerful, they appear to be
communicating less with their
governments. This gives them a free hand to operate pretty much
where and how they like.
Furthermore, as firms relocate in search of lower taxes and a cheaper
labour force to increase profitability, I believe that we’ll soon be
seeing a significant change in the global economy. Many countries,
particularly in South East Asia, now have a highly-skilled labour force
and a good infrastructure. I think we’re going to see a flight of capital
from the West which may result in serious
unemployment problems for
developed countries. |