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(escucha el audio más de una vez para familiarizarte con los términos que
se introducen y explican)
The United
States is a big country with many, many roads. Many, if not most, of
Americans depend on motor vehicles to get from place to place.
It goes without saying that, when talking or writing, Americans often
use expressions with words from the world of automobiles. Now, let's
examine a few common expressions that come from parts of a vehicle.
First is the part of the car that protects the front and back of a
vehicle -- the bumper. The bumper is what suffers the most damage in a
small accident.
The front bumper extends on both sides to the fender, which protects the
front wheels. If your car hits someone else’s and causes a small amount
of damage, we call it a fender-bender.
But let's get back to the word bumper.
American traffic reporters often use the term bumper-to-bumper when
describing heavy traffic. It means that vehicles are moving very slowly,
and almost touching each other.
Americans can use the term bumper-to-bumper as an adjective. If you are
late for dinner because of traffic, you can tell your friends, "Sorry,
I'm late. But traffic was bumper-to-bumper." They will understand.
Another part of a vehicle – mainly found on small trucks and on some
models of cars -- is the tailgate. This is the gate or doorway that
opens up in the back of the vehicle. If your car or truck has one, you
can lower the tailgate and sit on it.
This door on the back of larger passenger vehicles has led to something
very American: the tailgate party. Tailgate parties usually take place
in a parking area, where one or more of these vehicles are stopped.
Their tailgates are open, with food or drinks available for the drivers
and their passengers.
In the United States, tailgate parties are common at large sporting
events or music shows.
Now, many cars do not have tailgates. That's fine. If you spend time
friends and others in a large parking lot before a rock concert or a big
game, you are still tailgating!
So, that form of tailgating is fun. But it is not fun when someone is
tailgating your vehicle. A tailgater is someone who drives much too
close to the back of your car. At best, this can be a pain, if not
making you, the driver, really angry. But tailgating is also dangerous
and the cause of many rear-end accidents.
There are other behaviors that can lead to a traffic accident.
Let’s take rubber necking, for example. Rubber necking is when drivers
slow down on a road to look closely at a wreck or something else eye-catching
as they are passing.
Some drivers can stretch their neck far out of the window to see
something like a serious crash. This is where we get the term. Drivers
who rubber neck, however, can create their own accidents. First, they
slow down, causing problems for other drivers and affecting the flow of
traffic. But more importantly, they aren't looking at the road in front
of them!
The first rule of driving should always be look where you are going!
Another rule should be, stay calm.
The most dangerous kind of driving behavior is road rage. This is anger
or violence towards other drivers. Road rage is such a big problem in
some areas, that local governments have laws that make some acts of road
rage illegal.
The road hog is more of a pain than dangerous. To hog something means to
take too much of something. So, a road hog takes up too much of the road.
The road hog sometimes drives in two lanes of traffic. Other times, they
may not let other motorists pass them.
Glossary:
neck – n. the part of an animal that connects
the head with the body rage – n. violent and uncontrolled anger parking – n. a large area of public land kept in its natural
state to protect plants and animals
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