"An investment in knowledge pays the
best interest." Benjamin Franklin
You are going to read a text about time management. In which section of the text
(A, B, C or D) are the following mentioned? Follow the example.
1. Example:An illustration of how
the problem of time-famine is growing
2. A way of reducing stress which many people ignore.
3. The importance of not over emphasizing the final outcome of what
you do.
4. A situation where the opposite of what was predicted has occurred.
5. The inevitability of certain more unpleasant tasks.
6. People’s desire to achieve immediate satisfaction.
7. The belief that looking ahead in time will help us overcome our
fears.
8. The benefits of solitude.
9. The value of having a pastime.
10. The fact that we do not always need to achieve perfection.
11. Not letting others prevent you from achieving your aims.
12. The failure by some people to question the reasons for their
actions.
13. Being aware of the advantages and disadvantages of something.
14. A way of thinking which used to be more important than any other.
Time
Management – "Get Organized!"
How often do you find yourself running out of time? Weekly, daily,
hourly? For many, it seems that there's just never enough time in the
day to get everything done.
When you learn how to improve your time management you gain better
control of your life. Rather than rushing around all over the place,
like a chicken with its head cut off, managing your time effectively
helps you to choose what to do and when to do it. Time management may
possibly be one of the most valuable life skills you can have if you
intend to achieve anything of any real value.
A) INTRODUCTION
Initially, time management referred to just business or work activities,
but eventually the term widened to include personal activities as well.
A time management system is a designed combination of processes, tools
and techniques. Dr. Don Wetmore is a time management consultant at
Connecticut’s Productivity Institute. In the 1980’s he taught 600 people
time management courses. In the next decade, that number rose to 30,000,
and in the last decade inscriptions rose to. Dr. Wetmore sees this as clear evidence that time-famine is on the
increase. (1) To tackle it, he recommends that you
start with the basics. “Take a few minutes to plan your day in advance.
Very few people actually do this, although they make long lists of all
the things they want to get done, it’s not the same as a realistic plan
of what you will do, and how and when you will do it. This can
dramatically improve your effectiveness and cut down on wasted effort.”
Keep interruptions to a minimum. ‘My phones don’t take calls, they take
messages,’ says John Naisbitt author of High Tech/High Touch. ‘How can I
find time for my own agenda when everyone’s trying to make me part of
theirs?’ (11) The most powerful word in our Time Management
vocabulary is "no".
One of the best and most powerful ways to take back time and reduce your
stress levels is to maintain good relationships with others. This is an
often overlooked but uniquely effective method of minimizing stress,
(2) staying happy and reducing the amount of time wasted on counter-productivity.
B) TECHNOLOGY AND TIME
Technology was supposed to reduce our workloads, make our lives more
flexible, and give us back time and space to spend on leisure activities.
However, according to Dr. Wetmore, “Five years ago it was assumed that
email would make postal communication redundant. Last year, the highest
amount of emails ever were sent, and the highest number of letters, too.’(4)
You
cannot turn a blind eye to technology. Like it or not you have to accept
the fact that you have a relationship with it. Examine that relationship
thoroughly and ask yourself what you really need from technology and
what you can manage without. Very few people do this. Technophobes pass
over its many potential benefits and the rest are seduced onto the
endless slope of one upgrade to another, without ever really thinking
why.(12) We often think of technology as a toy, but behind its
promise to make life easier, faster and better lie unspoken consequences.
Not least of these is the way technology shapes our sense of time. The
speed of response it now requires from us has contributed to the need
for instant gratification. (6)
We need to lose both our awe and our fear of technology, and see it with
clear eyes. With a conscious approach, its true benefits and deficits
become apparent.(13) It’s possible to estimate how we might apply
it constructively in the future. And if you can see where it’s going, it
gives you much less to feel anxious about in the present. (7)
C) TIME AT WORK
Time management and energy management are essentially the same thing.
You may have an important deadline to meet, but if you’re tired and
stressed, stop. Identify your personal energy levels. Resolve to work
only as long as that permits. You may have to ask yourself, ‘Is this job
more important than my health and family?’ Be realistic in your
expectations. Most psychological pressures in the workplace come from
unrealistic and unmet expectations. Many small disappointments grow into
one big one. Lowering your expectations – to real rather than low levels
– allows you to focus much better on the reality of what you can achieve.
Aim for an appreciation of working processes, not just results. The
adage “You are what you achieve” isn’t necessarily true but still hangs
over from the 1980s when it was paramount’(14). Don’t ask
yourself relentlessly “What have I achieved?, but “Did I enjoy the
process of doing it? Did I learn from it?” This alleviates guilt and
anxiety over work. A positive approach to processes produces a higher
standard of work, more quickly than focusing only on the end result.’(3)
Adjust the quality of your work to the time available. You may have
noticed that PC printers offer “fast”, “good” and “best” options. Why?
Because excellence is not a prerequisite for all tasks.(10)
Realise that good enough is still good, increasing productivity and free
time for other tasks.
D) TIME AT HOME
Being
a couch potato in front of the TV creates a lot of ‘dead time’ and
usually results in making you feel more tired, and just as time-pressured
as before. You could always use ‘video on demand’ and plan a specific
time to watch what you really want to in a shorter time frame. Another
suggestion is to put the TV away in a cupboard so that you have to make
a conscious effort to get it out.
Satisfy your personal and spiritual needs. It’s easy to let the thoughts
and effects of work overbalance into home time. At the end of the day
take the opportunity to have some time for yourself. It’s extremely
unlikely that your job gives you what you need to satisfy your innermost
requirements, so having an occupation outside of work is a prerequisite
for achieving that balance.(9).
Actively managing your time allows you to do a lot more with your life.
Sadly, this does not translate into no longer having to do the housework.
‘We all have routine chores and responsibilities to attend to. (5)
However, if you’ve accepted that pre-planning is essential, it’s easier
for you to recognise the best time for taking care of the basic needs of
home life. It’s the accumulation of small daily victories that enhance
our sense of self-worth. Be self-disciplined, do the work at a pre-determined
time, and you’ll find that beating the housework counts among them.
Finally, wherever you are, time spent in your own company is an
enormously powerful way to get back a feeling of owning your own time
(8) and balancing the pace of your life. There’s no set method for
spending spare time alone. The trick is simply to relax properly, not
necessarily just do nothing.
Check your answers.
Answers showing the relevant parts of the test for each statement:
A)
INTRODUCTION
Initially, time management referred to just business or work activities,
but eventually the term widened to include personal activities as well.
A time management system is a designed combination of processes, tools
and techniques. Dr. Don Wetmore is a time management consultant at
Connecticut’s Productivity Institute. In the 1980’s he taught 600 people
time management courses. In the next decade, that number rose to 30,000,
and in the last decade inscriptions rose to. Dr. Wetmore sees this as
clear evidence that time-famine is on the increase. (1) To tackle it, he
recommends that you start with the basics. “Take a few minutes to plan
your day in advance. Very few people actually do this, although they
make long lists of all the things they want to get done, it’s not the
same as a realistic plan of what you will do, and how and when you will
do it. This can dramatically improve your effectiveness and cut down on
wasted effort.”
Keep interruptions to a minimum. ‘My phones don’t take calls, they take
messages,’ says John Naisbitt author of High Tech/High Touch. ‘How can I find time for my own agenda when everyone’s trying to make me part of
theirs?’ (11) The most powerful word in our Time Management vocabulary
is "no".
One of the best and most powerful ways to take back time and reduce your
stress levels is to maintain good relationships with others. This is an
often overlooked but uniquely effective method of minimizing stress, (2) staying happy and reducing the amount of time wasted on counter-productivity.
B) TECHNOLOGY AND TIME
Technology was supposed to reduce our workloads, make our lives more
flexible, and give us back time and space to spend on leisure activities.
However, according to Dr. Wetmore, “Five years ago it was assumed that
email would make postal communication redundant. Last year, the highest
amount of emails ever were sent, and the highest number of letters, too.’(4)
You cannot turn a blind eye to technology. Like it or not you have to
accept the fact that you have a relationship with it. Examine that
relationship thoroughly and ask yourself what you really need from
technology and what you can manage without. Very few people do this.
Technophobes pass over its many potential benefits and the rest are
seduced onto the endless slope of one upgrade to another, without ever
really thinking why.(12) We often think of technology as a toy, but
behind its promise to make life easier, faster and better lie unspoken
consequences. Not least of these is the way technology shapes our sense
of time. The speed of response it now requires from us has contributed
to the need for instant gratification. (6)
We need to lose both our awe and our fear of technology, and see it with
clear eyes. With a conscious approach, its true benefits and deficits
become apparent.(13) It’s possible to estimate how we might apply it
constructively in the future. And if you can see where it’s going, it
gives you much less to feel anxious about in the present. (7)
C) TIME AT WORK
Time management and energy management are essentially the same thing.
You may have an important deadline to meet, but if you’re tired and
stressed, stop. Identify your personal energy levels. Resolve to work
only as long as that permits. You may have to ask yourself, ‘Is this job
more important than my health and family?’ Be realistic in your
expectations. Most psychological pressures in the workplace come from
unrealistic and unmet expectations. Many small disappointments grow into
one big one. Lowering your expectations – to real rather than low levels
– allows you to focus much better on the reality of what you can achieve.
Aim for an appreciation of working processes, not just results. The
adage “You are what you achieve” isn’t necessarily true but still hangs
over from the 1980s when it was paramount’(14). Don’t ask yourself
relentlessly “What have I achieved?, but “Did I enjoy the process of
doing it? Did I learn from it?” This alleviates guilt and anxiety over
work. A positive approach to processes produces a higher standard of
work, more quickly than focusing only on the end result.’(3)
Adjust the quality of your work to the time available. You may have
noticed that PC printers offer “fast”, “good” and “best” options. Why?
Because excellence is not a prerequisite for all tasks.(10) Realise that
good enough is still good, increasing productivity and free time for
other tasks.
D) TIME AT HOME
Being a couch potato in front of the TV creates a lot of ‘dead time’ and
usually results in making you feel more tired, and just as time-pressured
as before. You could always use ‘video on demand’ and plan a specific
time to watch what you really want to in a shorter time frame. Another
suggestion is to put the TV away in a cupboard so that you have to make
a conscious effort to get it out.
Satisfy your personal and spiritual needs. It’s easy to let the thoughts
and effects of work overbalance into home time. At the end of the day
take the opportunity to have some time for yourself. It’s extremely
unlikely that your job gives you what you need to satisfy your innermost
requirements, so having an occupation outside of work is a prerequisite
for achieving that balance.(9).
Actively managing your time allows you to do a lot more with your life.
Sadly, this does not translate into no longer having to do the housework.
‘We all have routine chores and responsibilities to attend to. (5) However, if you’ve accepted that pre-planning is essential, it’s easier
for you to recognise the best time for taking care of the basic needs of
home life. It’s the accumulation of small daily victories that enhance
our sense of self-worth. Be self-disciplined, do the work at a pre-determined
time, and you’ll find that beating the housework counts among them.
Finally, wherever you are, time spent in your own company is an
enormously powerful way to get back a feeling of owning your own time
(8) and balancing the pace of your life. There’s no set method for
spending spare time alone. The trick is simply to relax properly, not
necessarily just do nothing.
How Good is Your Time Management?
Read the questions and tick a box for the frequency that most applies to you.
1 Do you constantly work on tasks
throughout the day that are of the highest priority?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
2 Do you often finish tasks at the last minute, or do you request
more time?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
3 Are you in the habit of putting aside time for scheduling and
planning?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
4 Are you aware of how much time you spend on the various tasks you
do?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
5 How often do you catch yourself dealing with interruptions (telephone
calls, other people’s requests and priorities etc?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
6 Is goal setting an approach you use to decide what tasks you
should be working on?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
7 Do you leave a little time open in your schedule to deal with
things that arise unexpectedly?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
8 Are you aware if the tasks you are working on are high, medium, or
low value?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
9 When you are given a new job to do, do you rate it for importance
and prioritize it accordingly?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
10 Do deadlines and commitments make you stressed?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
11 Do distractions stop you from working on critical and important
projects?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
12 Do you need to take work home with you, in order to do it?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
13 Do you prioritize your Action Program or your “To Do” list?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
14 Do you regularly turn to your boss in order to organize and
confirm your priorities?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
15 Before you agree to do a task, do you check that the results
obtained will be worth the time put in?
Never / Rarely
/ Sometimes / Often
/ Very Often
task = tarea
to set aside = dejar a un lado
to deal with = tratar con
to set a goal = fijarse una meta
deadline = fecha tope o límite
commitment = compromiso, obligación
to take on (tasks, work) = encargarse de
to be worth = valer